Cyber Security एक विशेष तकनीक है जो organizations और individuals के data, Network और Computer systems को threats और unauthorized access से सुरक्षित रखती है। Cyber attacks, इंटरनेट या डिजिटल माध्यम के जरिए किए जाते हैं और इनके द्वारा कंप्यूटर सिस्टमों, सर्वरों और नेटवर्कों को अनुपयुक्त रूप से इस्तेमाल किया जा सकता है।
Cyber Security के अनुसार, संगठनों और व्यक्तियों को साइबर हमलों से बचने के लिए Network security, data encryption or unauthorized access से बचाने के लिए applications के अनुचित इस्तेमाल से बचाने जैसे कई security measures होने चाहिए।
Cyber Security कंप्यूटर सिस्टम, नेटवर्क और डिजिटल डेटा को अनधिकृत पहुंच, चोरी, क्षति और अन्य दुर्भावनापूर्ण गतिविधियों से बचाने का अभ्यास है। आज के डिजिटल युग में, साइबर सिक्यूरिटी हमारे दैनिक जीवन का एक अनिवार्य हिस्सा बन गई है, क्योंकि साइबर खतरे लगातार बढ़ते ही जा रहे हैं।
इस लेख में, हम चर्चा करेंगे कि Cyber security kya hai, यह कैसे की जाती है, यह क्यों महत्वपूर्ण है और साइबर सुरक्षा के प्रकार क्या हैं। हम साइबर सुरक्षा पाठ्यक्रमों और उन विभिन्न तरीकों के बारे में भी बात करेंगे जिनसे कोई व्यक्ति खुद को और अपनी (digital assets) डिजिटल संपत्ति को cyber attacks से बचा सकता है।
Cyber security kya hai
Cyber Security, unauthorized access, theft, damage, या अन्य malicious activities से digital assets की सुरक्षा के अभ्यास को संदर्भित करती है। इन digital assets में computer, mobile device, server, network, और उनमें stored data शामिल हो सकते हैं।
Cyber Security, उपाय sensitive information और system तक unauthorized access को रोकने, cyber threats का पता लगाने और response देने और cyber attacks से उबरने में मदद कर सकते हैं।
Cyber Security kaise kare
अपने कंप्यूटर या मोबाइल को नियमित रूप से अपडेट करें, जिसकी सुरक्षा कमजोरियों का पता लग जाए।
- Strong password का इस्तेमाल करें, जो 8-12 character के हो और alphanumeric और special characters जैसे-!,@,# का इस्तेमाल करें।
- कभी भी अपने password और sensitive information जैसे Credit card number को किसी के साथ शेयर ना करें।
- Phishing attacks से सावधान रहे, जिस में आपको ईमेल या मैसेज के जरिए fake website या link पर redirect किया गया हो ।
- Public wifi का इस्तेमाल करने से बचे, क्योंकि ये आपके डेटा को hackers के लिए accessible बना देता है।
- अपने device पर VPN का इस्तेमाल करें, जिसके लिए आपका internet traffic encrypted हो और hackers उससे access ना कर सकें।
- अपने sensitive data को encrypt करें, जिसे अगर आपका device खो जाए तो आपका data safe रहे।
साइबर सिक्यूरिटी विभिन्न तरीकों से की जा सकती है, जिनमें शामिल हैं:
Network security (नेटवर्क सुरक्षा)
इसमें firewall, intrusion detection (घुसपैठ) का पता लगाने और prevention system और अन्य security measures को लागू करके नेटवर्क के बुनियादी ढांचे को सुरक्षित करना शामिल है।
Endpoint Security (समापन बिंदु सुरक्षा)
इसमें antivirus software, patch management और अन्य सुरक्षा उपायों को लागू करके computer, mobile devices, और Server, जैसे security measures को सुरक्षित करना शामिल है।
Application security (अनुप्रयोग सुरक्षा)
इसमें securing applications के द्वारा secure coding implementing practices, vulnerability assessments, और अन्य सुरक्षा उपायों को लागू करके अनुप्रयोगों को सुरक्षित करना शामिल है।
Data security (डेटा सुरक्षा)
इसमें encryption, access controls और अन्य सुरक्षा उपायों को implement करके data secure करना शामिल है।
Cloud security (क्लाउड सिक्योरिटी)
इसमें access control, encryption, और अन्य security measures को implement करके cloud based services और applications को secure करना शामिल है।
Cyber security क्यों important है
![Cyber security kya hai 2](https://itechshala.com/wp-content/uploads/Cyber-security-kya-hai-2.jpg)
- जब आज की दुनिया, डिजिटल और ऑनलाइन होती जा रही है, तो cyber security बहुत महत्वपूर्ण होती है। साइबर सुरक्षा क्यों महत्वपूर्ण है:
- Online अपने निजी जानकारी जैसे-Banking और financial information’s को सुरक्षित रखना बहुत जरूरी होता है।
- Internet का उपयोग हमारे दैनिक जीवन का एक महत्वपूर्ण हिस्सा बन गया है जिससे हम Online Shopping, Banking, Online earning, और communication करते हैं।
- ऑनलाइन अपनी व्यक्तिगत जानकारी को सुरक्षित रखना बहुत ज़रूरी हो गया है।
- कंपनियों के लिए अच्छी साइबर सुरक्षा अपने उत्पादों और सेवाओं की सुरक्षा को सुनिश्चित करने में मदद करती है।
- कुछ असामाजिक तत्वों जैसे कि cyber hackers, cyber threats, और अन्य online harassment से ऑनलाइन उपयोगकर्ताओं की निजी जानकारी खतरे में होती है
- साइबर अपराधों से सुरक्षा का ध्यान रखना अब सभी लोगों के लिए ज़रूरी हो गया है।
Cyber attacks business operations में व्यवधान पैदा कर सकते हैं, जिससे financial losses और reputation damage हो सकती है। साइबर सुरक्षा उपाय ऐसे disruption को रोकने और business productivity सुनिश्चित करने में मदद कर सकते हैं।
इसलिए, आज के समय में साइबर सुरक्षा बहुत महत्वपूर्ण हो गया है और इसके बिना हमारी ऑनलाइन जानकारी और सुरक्षा खतरे में हो सकती है।
Online security services kya hai, kaise kare
Cyber Security Courses कौन से हैं
Entry-level courses से लेकर advanced courses तक विभिन्न प्रकार के cyber security courses उपलब्ध हैं। कुछ popular साइबर सुरक्षा courses में शामिल हैं,जैसे:
- Certified Information Systems Security Professional (CISSP)
- Certified Ethical Hacker (CEH)
- Certified Information Security Manager (CISM)
- Certified Information Systems Auditor (CISA)
- CompTIA Security+
Cyber Threats से कैसे बचें
- कंप्यूटर, मोबाइल और अन्य डिवाइस के सॉफ्टवेयर को समय-समय पर अपडेट करें
- Unknown sources से आने वाले Email, Messages, Files को न खोलें
- Cyber Hijacking और Phishing जैसी धोखाधड़ी से सतर्क रहें
- Strong password policies का पालन करें और अपने password को नियमित रूप से बदलते रहें
- Social media और अन्य online accounts के लिए अलग-अलग और strong password का उपयोग करें
- Cyber rights के साथ संबंधित अपने हक़ों (rights) को secure रखने के लिए आवश्यक security measures का उपयोग करें
- अपने नेटवर्क की सुरक्षा के लिए up-to-date antivirus और firewall का उपयोग करें
- Scam और fishing जैसी online frauds से बचने के लिए extension और browser update करें
- सभी online transactions के लिए एक separate बैंक खाता का उपयोग करें
- Cyber security को समझने और सुरक्षित रहने के लिए active रहें, जैसे online resources और articles का अध्ययन करना।
- अपनी साइबर सुरक्षा के लिए एक अच्छा और सुरक्षित वीपीएन (VPN) का उपयोग करें।
- सुरक्षा के लिए multi-factor authentication का उपयोग करें, जो अधिक सुरक्षित होता है।
- Online banking या e-commerce की purchasing करते समय एक secure और certified website का उपयोग करें।
- एक अच्छी data-backup policy का अनुसरण करें ताकि आप अपने डेटा को सुरक्षित रख सकें।
- अपनी organization के साथ relevant security policies की जांच करें और इन नीतियों का पालन करें।
- Cyber security tools जैसे की antivirus, antispam, antimalware, firewall आदि का उपयोग करें ताकि आपके सिस्टम में सुरक्षित रहें।
- साइबर सुरक्षा से संबंधित suspicious messages, websites या blogs को सतर्कता से देखें और उन्हें अनदेखा न करें |
Cyber attack के प्रकार और उनसे बचने के तरीके
![Cyber security kya hai 3](https://itechshala.com/wp-content/uploads/Cyber-security-kya-hai-3.jpg)
फिशिंग (Phishing)
- Phishing एक तरह का cyber threat है जिसमें attacker, user को धोखे से भरा ईमेल या संदेश भेजते हैं।
- User को जानकारी जैसे-उनका account number, password, या password प्रदान करने के लिए या एक unknown link पर click करने के लिए कहा जाता है।
बचाव: जानकारी देने से पहले वेबसाइट का पता लगाएं और phishing email या message को forward न करें।
रैंसमवेयर (Ransomware)
- Ransomware एक तरह का cyber attack है जो उपयोगकर्ता के डेटा या फ़ाइलों को access करने से रोकता करता है।
- यह user को उनके डेटा को वापस प्राप्त करने के लिए फिरौती चुकाने के लिए मजबूर करता है।
बचाव: Security software और daily update करने के साथ अपने डेटा की back-up बनाएं।
एक्सप्लोइट (Exploits)
- Exploit भी एक cyber attack है जिसमें एक particular software या system में एक security bug का उपयोग करके user के data तक पहुंचा जाता है।
- user को suspected link पर click करने से बचना चाहिए और software को regularly update करना चाहिए।
मैलवेयर (Malware)
- Malware एक साइबर हमला है जिसमें एक unknown software या program को user के system में inject किया जाता है।
- इसका उपयोग user के data theft या उनके system को compromize करने के लिए किया जाता है।
बचाव: Security software का उपयोग करना, Suspected link नहीं खोलना और अपने सिस्टम को नियमित रूप से scan करना।
डेनियल ऑफ सर्विस (Denial of Service)
- Denial of Service एक cyber attack है जिसमें एक system या server को high traffic से overload कर दिया जाता है।
- यह unavailability का कारण बनता है और user को उनकी वेबसाइट या online services तक पहुंचने से वंचित कर सकता है।
बचाव: सिस्टम और सर्वर सुरक्षा के लिए Regular updates और security updates करना चाहिए। करंट न्यूज़ के लिए notification regularly निगरानी करनी चाहिए और unknown या suspected traffic को reject करना चाहिए।
ब्लैक हैट हैकिंग क्या है
ब्लैक हैट हैकिंग (Black Hat hacking) एक अवैध तकनीक है जिसमें संगठनों या व्यक्तियों के संचार या सिस्टमों में अनधिकृत पहुँच प्रदान करने के लिए कंप्यूटर नेटवर्कों और इंटरनेट का उपयोग किया जाता है। यह एक अपराध है जो अवैध उद्देश्यों के लिए किया जाता है।
Black Hat hacking से बचने के उपाय
- Secure password का उपयोग करें:
एक secure password का उपयोग करना अपने personal data और organizational data की सुरक्षा में मदद कर सकता है।
- Secure transmission का उपयोग करें:
Secure transmission protocol जैसे https का उपयोग करने से transmission के दौरान डेटा और जानकारी को सुरक्षित रखा जा सकता है।
- Secure software का उपयोग करें:
Secure software जैसे- एंटीवायरस या फायरवॉल का उपयोग करने से संगठनों और व्यक्तियों को सुरक्षा प्रदान करने में मदद मिल सकती है।
- सावधानी बरतें: सावधानी बरतना सबसे अच्छा तरीका है
आज आपने सीखा
इस आधुनिक युग में cyber security की महत्वपूर्ण भूमिका है जो आम लोगों से लेकर बड़े संगठनों तक के लिए एक विशेष महत्व रखती है। Cyber crime की संभावना हर दिन बढ़ती जा रही है, जो इंटरनेट के उपयोग से जुड़े हुए हर व्यक्ति या संगठन के लिए खतरे का बढ़ता हुआ साया बना हुआ है।
इसलिए, cyber security पर विशेष ध्यान देना आवश्यक है। संगठनों और व्यक्तियों को security policies का पालन करने, secure software और secure transmission का उपयोग करने, regular backup लेने और awareness फैलाने के लिए जिम्मेदार होना चाहिए।
इसलिए, cyber security एक महत्वपूर्ण विषय है जो सभी को अपने ऑनलाइन सुरक्षा के बारे में सोचने के लिए बाध्य करता है। एक अच्छी cyber security की नीति बनाना और उसे अमल में लाना आजकल बहुत आवश्यक है, ताकि हम सभी अपने डेटा और संगठनों को सुरक्षित रख सकें।
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